The Frankish Realm allows the formation of the Papal State in 756. The Papal State is an absolute monarchy ruled by the head of the roman-catholic church, the pape. In 1809 the Papal State is annexed by France, but independence is restored in 1815. In 1870 Italy conquers the Papal State and annexes it: Rome becomes the capital of Italy. In 1929 a treaty between the roman catholic church and Italy leads to the establishment of an independent Vatican City State. Although the state is a sovereign state, it is has no political life other than related to the church. It can be considered a theocratic entity.